The collective awakening of the prospects for the climate change and the exhaustion of the resources of fossil energies almost lead to the current development of renewable energies not emitting a gas with greenhouse effect, of which the famous carbonic gas or CO2. The wind one is today one of the renewable energies among most mature producing electricity. It has to develop everywhere in the world in particular in France it is in full rise thanks to the aids and subsidies granted by the public authorities since 1996. Let us recall that today the nuclear power accounts for 78% of the metropolitan production of electricity, hydraulics cash for 12%, the remainder is 10% is of origin thermal (coal and gas). Currently France lays out wind power installed of 2700MW and it builds 1000 MW of wind annually of them (being equivalent to a “small section” of nuclear power). The permit building was already granted to 7300 MW additional. In 2020 should achieve to us the laid down goal of 25000 MW.

According to the MEDAD, over the year 2008, our wind farm will make it possible to avoid the emission of 1,65 million tons of CO2 (on a total of approximately 500 million) and 16 million tons in 2020.
A wind of protest blows on the Hexagon. By contract, EDF committed itself buying the wind production during 15 years at a price appreciably higher than the contract price. An opinion poll realized in June 2008 at the request of the Agency Of the Environment and Control of Energy (ADEME) revealed an erosion of wind among energies renewable to develop in priority: 54% in 2008 per 60% in 2005 compared with respectively 70% and 69% for the solar one. One in parallel observes the development of polemics carried out by associations which reject this energy, ask a debate and even for a moratorium on the wind one. Among associations more at a peak: the Durable Environment Federation (EDF), “Wind of Anger”, the National federation of Associations of Safeguard of the Sites and Units Monumental. They involve with them personalities of the political world which begin: thus the former president of the Republic Valery Giscard d’Estaing with the EDF!

These associations battle against the Public authorities and against organizations pro-wind mills such as the SER, France Wind energy, wind Planet, etc the national mediums (TV, radios, newspapers, magazines) have seized the subject and reflect these exchanges for a few months near their public.
Wind electricity: transmitting of CO2? Wind energy is by definition dependent on capricious natural elements: wind and not subjected at the request of electricity. In our Country, however owner of the second wind potential in Europe after the United Kingdom, a wind mill does not produce on average electricity which one hour out of four is approximately 2000 hours per annum. It functions indeed only for speeds of winds lain between 15km/h and 90 km/h. From where need for mitigating this failure by the thermal intervention of electricity (plants for gas or coal) which only can be quickly brought into service but which will emit CO2! It is one of the war-horses of the destroyers of wind who see in this energy a bad answer to the fight against the greenhouse effect. For the defenders of wind the intermittency is only local: the country should be considered as a whole. Thus the Metropolitan France is subjected to four different and complementary modes of wind: oceanic, Handle, continental and Mediterranean. With the result that overall our wind farm would be in activity approximately 80% of time by effect of “expansion”. There would be thus constantly wind some share in the Hexagon to make turn of the wind mills, in the condition which are judiciously established to take account of variabilities of the wind according to the areas.

RTE the manager of the electrical communication, subsidiary of EDF estimates in his report/ratio 2007 published on January 15, 2008 that “in spite of the intermittency of the wind, the installation of wind mills reduces the requirements out of thermal equipment necessary to ensure the security level of desired provisioning. One can in this direction speech of power substituted by the wind mills” On the other hand, underlines the report/ratio, “the increase on behalf of wind will request the retention of means of production from weak inertia like thermics but also hydraulics. According to certain experts, the contribution to the development of wind energy would be of 100€ per annum and by hearth. According to others, that would not exceed 0.6€ per annum. This important reserve is taken again by the opinion of the Commission of Regulation of the Electricity (CRE) of October 30, 2008 which stresses that, “taking into account them difficulties of modulating the production of the nuclear plants, plus the penetration of wind increases, plus the wind production replaces nuclear power (the nuclear power accounts for 78% of the metropolitan production, hydraulics cash for 12%) more it becomes necessary, n the other hand, to develop the park of thermo plants with flame, adapted better to the radial forces”

The integration of the wind farm in the hexagonal electrical communication should not raise major difficulties because the variations of production are foreseeable by the data weather (temperature, speed of the wind, moisture) gathered in the centers of control system of RTE. EDF with the obligation to repurchase wind electricity at an average agreed price fixed at 8,4 c€/kWh (value 2007) during 15 years According to the report/ratio of the CRE, the production costs of reference recently determined by the MEEDDAT would be of 7,5 c€/kWh from where a cost for EDF of 0,9 c€/kWh of wind electricity. For a French household which consumes 2.500 kWh/an (except electric heating), the cost of wind would be only of 40 c. However these in front of such variations the author of the study makes two proposals in this direction. To insert the nail, the Academy of www.academie-technologies.fr Technologies in his report “the wind one: An energy of the 21st century? ” published in October 2008 highlights on page 33: “… that in France rise current and envisaged the wind one does not constitute an effective and economic way in the fight against the greenhouse effect. ”
Can one conclude on the wind one? According to the CRE “the development of wind energy must be regarded as a means, among others, to arrive to a reduction in the environmental impacts of our consumption of energy”. However the French electric production represented in 2006 only 7,7% of the CO2 emissions of the Country. The deployment of the wind industrialist to satisfy in 2010 the European objective of 21% of contribution of renewable energies in our electric production whereas hydraulics counts already for 12% it is justified whereas remain many uncertainties on its environmental impacts and economic. A priority: to make energy saving.

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